Definition
The term "adiabatic" literally means impassable, this
etymology corresponds here to an absence of heat transfer. It may be defined as follows,
“An adiabatic
process, also called isocaloric process, is a thermodynamic process, in which
there is no heat transfer into or out of the working system.”
 |
| Fig: Adiabatic Process |
So, in an adiabatic process
dQ = 0. Such a
process can occur if the container of the system has thermally-insulated walls or the process happens in
an extremely short time, so that there is no opportunity for significant heat
exchange.
Example
- Expansions or compressions of gases in supersonic regimes are adiabatic processes
- The vertical flow of air in the atmosphere; air expands and cools as it rises, and contracts and grows warmer as it descends.
- When an interstellar gas cloud expands or contracts.
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